Low back pain (LBP) is a condition of localized pain to the lumbar spine with or without symptoms to the distal extremities
Pelvic floor dysfunction and low back pain are often associated because of how the pelvis is a key support for the lower back. Pelvic floor muscle group acts as the floor of your “core” and works in conjunction with your spinal muscles, abdominals, and diaphragm to stabilize your spine. When one muscle group is under or over performing, it alters the mechanics of the lumbopelvic complex and can result in pain, reduced range of motion, or weakness. Lack of neuromuscular control to pelvic floor muscles can be correlated with trunk instability resulting in low back pain.
Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) occur when the muscles that comprise the pelvic floor fail to properly contract or relax, which can adversely cause urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, fecal incontinence, or other sensory and emptying abnormalities of the lower urinary and GI tracts. Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is multifaceted and can be characterized by parameters such as weakness, poor endurance, excessive tension, shortened length and overactivity. Current evidence shows that individuals with low back pain have a significant decrease in pelvic floor function compared to individuals without low back pain.
A study on younger, middle-age and older women reported that women with pre-existing incontinence, gastrointestinal problems, and breathing disorders were more likely to develop LBP than women without such problems. This was considered to be a result of changes in morphology and altered postural activity of the trunk muscles including muscles of respiration and continence which provide mechanical support to the spine and pelvis.
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